The Impact of Islamic Spirituality and Spiritual Intelligence on Employee Performance in Public Sector Universities of Pakistan: A Mediating Role of Organizational Citizenship Behavior

Abstract

The Prime objective of the research is to examine the role of Islamic Spirituality(IS) and Spiritual Intelligence(SI) in boosting Employee’s Performance (EP) via Organizational Citizenship Behavior (OCB) among teaching and non-teaching staff in Pakistan's public sector universities. Data was gathered from 514 employees through questionnaires. The Partial Least Square’s Structural Equation Modeling (PLS-SEM) with SmartPLS4 is utilized to assess the measurement model and bootstrapping approach with a 5,000-resample is used to do mediation analysis. Employee performance (EP) is not directly impacted by Islamic spirituality (IS) or Spiritual Intelligence (SI). Organizational Citizenship Behavior (OCB) in Pakistan's public universities is positively and significantly impacted by IS and SI. Furthermore, organizational citizenship behavior partially mediates the association between Islamic spirituality (IS) and employee performance. Finally, the association between job performance (EP) and spiritual intelligence (SI) is fully mediated by OCB. The findings of the study may be useful for future theoretical and practical research focusing on the notion of Islamic spirituality, spiritual intelligence and organizational citizenship behavior to enhance employee performance in educational sector The paper further highlights the research's limitations and suggests ways to advance the study of these relationships in various contexts and settings.